Abstract

Brucella endocarditis is a rare but fatal complication of human brucellosis. We report a case of an aortic and mitral valve endocarditis due to brucellosis in a patient  with rheumatic heart disease. He has been successfully treated with combination of antimicrobial therapy and valve replacement surgery. In the literature, the combination of antimicrobial therapy and early valve replacement or antimicrobial therapy alone are both recommended. Patients with Brucella endocarditis should be evaluated by a team comprising an infectious diseases and clinical microbiology specialist, a cardiologist and a cardiovascular surgeon, and decisions on treatment modality and its duration should be individualized according to the patients.