{"id":24404,"date":"2022-03-28T09:00:57","date_gmt":"2022-03-28T06:00:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.klimikdergisi.org\/?p=24404"},"modified":"2022-03-31T13:08:17","modified_gmt":"2022-03-31T10:08:17","slug":"saglik-calisanlarinin-covid-19-bilgi-duzeyinin-degerlendirilmesi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.klimikdergisi.org\/tr\/2022\/03\/28\/saglik-calisanlarinin-covid-19-bilgi-duzeyinin-degerlendirilmesi\/","title":{"rendered":"Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00c7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n\u0131n COVID-19 Hakk\u0131nda Bilgi D\u00fczeyinin, Tutumunun ve Ki\u015fisel Koruyucu Ekipman Kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n De\u011ferlendirilmesi"},"content":{"rendered":"

G\u0130R\u0130\u015e<\/h2>\n

Aral\u0131k 2019\u2019da \u00c7in\u2019in Vuhan \u015fehrinden t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyaya yay\u0131lan COVID-19 \u00fclkemizde ilk defa 11 Mart 2020 tarihinde tespit edilmi\u015f ve sonras\u0131nda salg\u0131n k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede \u00fclke geneline yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. COVID-19 esas olarak damlac\u0131k yoluyla bula\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Hasta bireylerin \u00f6ks\u00fcrme ve hap\u015f\u0131rmalar\u0131 yoluyla ortama da\u011f\u0131lan damlac\u0131klara di\u011fer ki\u015filerin elleri ile temas\u0131 sonras\u0131nda, ellerini a\u011f\u0131z, burun veya g\u00f6ze temas ettirmesi bula\u015fa neden olmaktad\u0131r. COVID-19 i\u00e7in bula\u015f riski en y\u00fcksek olanlar, hastayla yak\u0131n temastakiler veya hasta bak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 yapanlard\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla hastalara bak\u0131m veren sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131, infeksiyon a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan y\u00fcksek riskli kabul edilmekte ve korunmalar\u0131 en \u00f6nemli \u00f6nceliklerden biri olarak de\u011ferlendirilmektedir.<\/p>\n

Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada, COVID-19 pandemisi d\u00f6neminde hastanede \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n\u0131n COVID-19 ile ilgili genel bilgi d\u00fczeyi, tutumu ve ki\u015fisel koruyucu ekipman (KKE) kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n de\u011ferlendirilmesi ama\u00e7lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Y\u00d6NTEMLER<\/h2>\n

Haz\u0131rlanan anket, Ondokuz May\u0131s \u00dcniversitesi T\u0131p Fak\u00fcltesi Hastanesi\u2019nde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya kat\u0131lmaya g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc 502 sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n\u0131n anonim kalmas\u0131 sa\u011flanarak y\u00fcz y\u00fcze veya elektronik ortamda doldurtuldu.<\/p>\n

\u00c7al\u0131\u015fmaya; pandeminin herhangi bir d\u00f6neminde hastanede doktor, hem\u015fire, acil t\u0131p teknisyeni, radyoloji teknisyeni, laboratuvar teknisyeni, hasta bak\u0131c\u0131, temizlik g\u00f6revlisi olarak g\u00f6rev yapan 18 ya\u015f\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck ki\u015filer dahil edildi.<\/p>\n

Anket \u00e7oktan se\u00e7meli ve bo\u015fluk doldurmal\u0131 olarak 32 soru i\u00e7ermekteydi (Ek 1<\/a><\/strong>). Ya\u015f, cinsiyet, medeni durum gibi demografik bilgilerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra mesleki bilgiler anketin ilk b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde sorguland\u0131.\u00a0 <\/span>\u0130kinci b\u00f6l\u00fcmde sorgulanan konular ise; COVID-19 ve bula\u015f yoluna ait genel bilgiler, COVID-19 bula\u015f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemeye y\u00f6nelik tedbirler, KKE\u2019lere ait bilgi d\u00fczeyleri ve kullan\u0131m s\u0131kl\u0131klar\u0131 ve son olarak da sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n\u0131n COVID-19 a\u015f\u0131s\u0131 yapt\u0131r\u0131p yapt\u0131rmayacaklar\u0131 ve yapt\u0131rmayacak olanlar\u0131n hangi gerek\u00e7eler ile yapt\u0131rmak istemedikleridir.<\/p>\n

Bilgilerin do\u011frulu\u011funun sorguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 sorulara verilen do\u011fru cevaplara 1(bir) puan, yanl\u0131\u015f cevaplara 0 (s\u0131f\u0131r) puan verildi ve sorular\u0131n geneli i\u00e7in toplam puan hesapland\u0131. Kullan\u0131m s\u0131kl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n sorguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 sorularda, \u201cher zaman\u201d se\u00e7ene\u011fi 5 (be\u015f) puan, \u201cs\u0131kl\u0131kla\u201d se\u00e7ene\u011fi 4 (d\u00f6rt) puan, \u201cbazen\u201d se\u00e7ene\u011fi 3 (\u00fc\u00e7) puan, \u201cnadiren\u201d se\u00e7ene\u011fi 2 (iki) puan ve \u201chi\u00e7\u201d se\u00e7ene\u011fi 1(bir) puan olarak puanland\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131 ve b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn tamam\u0131 i\u00e7in toplam puan hesapland\u0131. Hesaplanan puanlar, meslek, cinsiyet, e\u011fitim alma durumu gibi de\u011fi\u015fkenlere g\u00f6re kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u00c7al\u0131\u015fma, 01 Eyl\u00fcl 2020 ve 01 Ekim 2020 tarihleri aras\u0131nda \u0130yi Klinik Uygulamalar\u0131 Y\u00f6nergesi\u2019ne uygun olarak y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f ve Ondokuz May\u0131s \u00dcniversitesi Klinik Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar Etik Kurulu taraf\u0131ndan 27 A\u011fustos 2020 tarih ve OM\u00dc KAEK 2020\/529 say\u0131l\u0131 karar numaras\u0131yla onaylanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130statistiksel Analiz<\/h3>\n

Verilerin istatistiksel analizi \u201cIBM SPSS Statistics for Windows. Version 22.0 (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, ABD)\u201d program\u0131 kullan\u0131larak yap\u0131ld\u0131. Verilerin de\u011ferlendirilmesinde tan\u0131mlay\u0131c\u0131 istatistikler olarak; s\u00fcrekli de\u011fi\u015fkenler i\u00e7in ortalama \u00b1 standard sapma ve ortanca (en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck-en b\u00fcy\u00fck) de\u011fer, kategorik de\u011fi\u015fkenler i\u00e7in ise say\u0131 ve y\u00fczde kullan\u0131ld\u0131. Shapiro-Wilk testiyle s\u00fcrekli de\u011fi\u015fkenlerin da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n normale yak\u0131n olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011ferlendirildi. Verilerin normal da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m g\u00f6stermedi\u011fi durumlarda ikili gruplarda Mann-Whitney U testi, \u00fc\u00e7 ve daha fazla olan gruplarda Kruskal-Wallis testi uyguland\u0131. Kruskal-Wallis testinde fark \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 durumunda fark\u0131n hangi gruplar aras\u0131nda oldu\u011fu \u00e7oklu kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma testi (\u201cmultiple pairwise comparison\u201d) ile de\u011ferlendirildi. Kategorik de\u011fi\u015fkenlerin analizinde \u03c72 testi kullan\u0131ld\u0131. p<\/i><0.05 de\u011feri anlaml\u0131 olarak kabul edildi.<\/p>\n

BULGULAR<\/h2>\n

\u00c7al\u0131\u015fmaya toplam 502 sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131 dahil edildi. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmaya kat\u0131lanlar\u0131n ya\u015f ortalamas\u0131 30.23\u00b16.02 y\u0131l olup 296\u2019s\u0131 kad\u0131n ve 206\u2019s\u0131 erkekti. \u0130ki y\u00fcz doksan d\u00f6rd\u00fc evli ve 180\u2019i \u00e7ocuk sahibiydi. \u0130ki y\u00fcz seksen sekizi hi\u00e7 sigara kullanmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131, 40 (%8.0)\u2019\u0131n\u0131n kronik bir hastal\u0131k \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fc vard\u0131 ve hipertansiyon %2 ile en y\u00fcksek oranda g\u00f6r\u00fclen ek hastal\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n 265 (%52.8)\u2019i doktor, 168 (%35.5)\u2019i hem\u015fire, 30 (%6.0)\u2019u hasta bak\u0131c\u0131\/temizlik personeli, 24 (%4.8)\u2019\u00fc acil t\u0131p teknisyeni, 5 (%1.0)\u2019i diyaliz teknikeri ve 10 (%2)\u2019u di\u011fer meslek gruplar\u0131ndand\u0131 (tekniker, veri giri\u015f elman\u0131 vs.). COVID-19 ile ilgili bir birimde g\u00f6revlendirilenlerin say\u0131s\u0131 288 (%57.3)\u2019di.<\/p>\n

Kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n 110 (%21.9)\u2019u 65 ya\u015f \u00fcst\u00fc veya kronik hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan bir bireyle ayn\u0131 evde ya\u015famaktayd\u0131 ve 484 (%96.4)\u2019\u00fc yapt\u0131klar\u0131 i\u015f nedeniyle kendilerine veya yak\u0131nlar\u0131na COVID-19 bula\u015ft\u0131rma endi\u015fesi ta\u015f\u0131maktayd\u0131. Bu nedenle, 131 (%26.1)\u2019i ayr\u0131 bir yere ta\u015f\u0131narak kendini izole ederken 210 (%41.8)\u2019u ayn\u0131 ev i\u00e7inde di\u011fer aile bireyleri ile fiziksel temas\u0131 azaltm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

Salg\u0131n ile ilgili g\u00fcncel haber ve bilgileri kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n 217 (%43.2)\u2019si sosyal medyadan, 119 (%23.7)\u2019u televizyondan, 104 (%20.7)\u2019\u00fc ise yaz\u0131l\u0131 bas\u0131ndan g\u00fcnl\u00fck olarak takip ederken 137 (%27.3)\u2019si \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i konferanslar\u0131, 82 (%16.3)\u2019si t\u0131bbi yay\u0131nlar\u0131 hi\u00e7 takip etmedi\u011fini belirtti. Kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n 380 (%75.7)\u2019i \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 kurumda COVID-19 ve KKE kullan\u0131m\u0131 ile ilgili e\u011fitim (e\u011fitim toplant\u0131s\u0131, bilgilendirme, seminer, \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i e\u011fitim, vb.) alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. E\u011fitim alanlar\u0131n oran\u0131 anlaml\u0131 olarak daha y\u00fcksekti (p<\/i><0.001). E\u011fitim alanlar\u0131n 144 (%37.9)\u2019\u00fc ald\u0131klar\u0131 e\u011fitimi yararl\u0131 bulurken, 120 (%31.6)\u2019si yararl\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtti. Ald\u0131klar\u0131 e\u011fitimi yararl\u0131 bulanlar, bulmayanlar ve karars\u0131zlar\u0131n oran\u0131 benzerdi (p<\/i>=0.208).<\/p>\n

COVID-19 ile genel bilgileri i\u00e7eren sorulara, kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n verdi\u011fi cevaplara bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda; 399 (%79.5)\u2019u hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n etkeninin SARS-CoV-2 virusu oldu\u011funu, 457 (%91.0)\u2019si semptomlar\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n virusle temastan 14 g\u00fcn sonras\u0131na kadar uzayabildi\u011fini belirtti. \u201cAte\u015f, nefes darl\u0131\u011f\u0131, kuru \u00f6ks\u00fcr\u00fck, kas ve eklem a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 s\u0131kl\u0131kla g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr<\/i>\u201d ifadesine 490 (%97.6)\u2019\u0131 \u201cevet\u201d derken, 489 (%97.4)\u2019u \u201ckoku ve tat alma bozuklu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclebilmektedir<\/i>\u201d ifadesine \u201cevet\u201d dedi. Kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n 391 (%77.9)\u2019i hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00e7ocukluk \u00e7a\u011f\u0131ndakilerde genellikle hafif ge\u00e7irildi\u011fini, 497 (%99.0)\u2019si ise ileri ya\u015ftakilerin (>65 ya\u015f) hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 daha a\u011f\u0131r ge\u00e7irebildi\u011fini belirtti. D\u00f6rt y\u00fcz otuz d\u00f6rt (%86.5) kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131 \u201c%70\u2019lik alkol bazl\u0131 antiseptik ile el hijyeni sa\u011flanabilir<\/i>\u201d derken 419 (%83.5)\u2019u \u201csu ve sabunla 20 saniye y\u0131kama el hijyeni i\u00e7in yeterlidir<\/i>\u201d cevab\u0131n\u0131 verdi.<\/p>\n

COVID-19\u2019un nas\u0131l bula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin soruya, kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n 492 (%98)\u2019si \u201cdamlac\u0131k yoluyla<\/i>\u201d, 492 (%98)\u2019si \u201cenfekte y\u00fczeylerle temas sonras\u0131 ellerin g\u00f6z, a\u011f\u0131z ve burun mukozas\u0131 temas\u0131 ile<\/i>\u201d, 127 (%25.3)\u2019si \u201ckan yoluyla<\/i>\u201d, 234 (%46.6)\u2019\u00fc \u201cyiyeceklerle<\/i>\u201d, 492 (%98)\u2019si \u201c\u00f6p\u00fc\u015fmeyle<\/i>\u201d, 496 (%98.8)\u2019s\u0131 ise \u201ctokala\u015fma sonras\u0131 ellerin g\u00f6z, a\u011f\u0131z ve burun mukozas\u0131 temas\u0131 ile<\/i>\u201d bula\u015fabilece\u011fi cevab\u0131n\u0131 verdi.<\/p>\n

Salg\u0131n d\u00f6neminde el y\u0131kama endikasyonlar\u0131n\u0131n uygulama s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131na bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda; hastalar ile temas \u00f6ncesinde, 297 (%59.2)\u2019si \u201cher zaman<\/i>\u201d, 134 (%26.7)\u2019\u00fc \u201cs\u0131kl\u0131kla<\/i>\u201d ellerini y\u0131kad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtti. \u201cHastalar ile temas sonras\u0131 her zaman ellerimi y\u0131kar\u0131m<\/i>\u201d diyenlerin say\u0131s\u0131 445 (%88.6) ve \u201chasta \u00e7evreleri ile temas sonras\u0131 her zaman ellerimi y\u0131kar\u0131m<\/i>\u201d diyenlerin say\u0131s\u0131 ise 373 (%74.3)\u2019t\u00fc.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>

Tablo 1.<\/strong> \u201cCOVID-19 tan\u0131s\u0131 veya \u015f\u00fcphesi olan hasta ile temasta hangi durumlarda cerrahi maske yerine N95 maske kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r?\u201d Sorusuna Verilen Cevaplar\u0131n Da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131<\/p><\/div>\n

COVID-19 tan\u0131s\u0131\/\u015f\u00fcphesi ile takip edilen hastalara temas durumunda N95 maskelerin kullan\u0131m endikasyonlar\u0131 ile ilgili sorulara; kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n 247 (%49.2)\u2019si \u201cmuayene edilmesi (a\u011f\u0131z ve burun muayenesi hari\u00e7)<\/i>\u201d durumunda N95 maske tak\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini ifade ederken, 225 (%44.8)\u2019i \u201cmuayene s\u0131ras\u0131nda<\/i>\u201d N95 tak\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n gerekmedi\u011fini belirtti. Kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n 493 (%98.2)\u2019\u00fc \u201csolunum yolundan \u00f6rnek al\u0131nmas\u0131<\/i>\u201d durumunda, 489 (%97.4)\u2019i \u201cent\u00fcbasyon\/ bronkoskopi vb. aerosol olu\u015fturan i\u015flemlerde<\/i>\u201d, 488 (%97.2)\u2019i \u201csolunum sekresyonlar\u0131n\u0131n aspirasyonu<\/i>\u201d s\u0131ras\u0131nda ve 449 (%89.4)\u2019u \u201cnon-invaziv\/invaziv ventilasyon<\/i>\u201d i\u015fleminde, 341 (%67.9)\u2019i \u201cnazal kan\u00fcl ile 2 lt\/dk\u2019dan y\u00fcksek oksijen tedavisi\u201d<\/i> s\u0131ras\u0131nda,\u00a0 <\/span>439 (%87.5)\u2019u \u201ckardiyopulmoner res\u00fcsitasyon (kalp masaj\u0131)<\/i>\u201d s\u0131ras\u0131nda , 219 (%43.6)\u2019u \u201chasta yata\u011f\u0131n\u0131n\/ odas\u0131n\u0131n temizlenmesi<\/i>\u201d s\u0131ras\u0131nda ve 209 (%41.6)\u2019u \u201ctuvaletlerinin temizli\u011fi<\/i>\u201d s\u0131ras\u0131nda N95 maske tak\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini ifade etti (Tablo 1).<\/p>\n

Kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n 218 (%69.9)\u2019i \u201cg\u00fcnde 5 defadan fazla<\/i> eldiven de\u011fi\u015ftirdi\u011fini<\/i>\u201d belirtirken, 223 (%75.6)\u2019\u00fc \u201cN95\/N99 maskesini hi\u00e7 de\u011fi\u015ftirmedi\u011fini<\/i>\u201d belirtti. \u201cG\u00fcnde 1-2 kere cerrahi maske de\u011fi\u015ftiririm<\/i>\u201d diyen kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131 say\u0131s\u0131 163 (%52.7) iken, \u201chi\u00e7 g\u00f6zl\u00fck\/siperlik de\u011fi\u015ftirmem<\/i>\u201d diyenlerin say\u0131s\u0131 86 (%28.6) idi. \u201cBox g\u00f6mle\u011fini g\u00fcnde 5 defadan fazla de\u011fi\u015ftiririm<\/i>\u201d diyen 89 (%29.6) ki\u015fi oldu.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>

Tablo 2.<\/strong>A\u015f\u0131 Yapt\u0131rmay\u0131 D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeyen Ki\u015filerin (N=196) Gerek\u00e7elerinin Da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131<\/p><\/div>\n

A\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 takdirde kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n 306 (%61.0)\u2019s\u0131 a\u015f\u0131 yapt\u0131rmay\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc belirtirken 196 (%39.0)\u2019s\u0131 a\u015f\u0131 yapt\u0131rmay\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmedi\u011fini belirtti. A\u015f\u0131 yapt\u0131rmay\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnenler ile d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeyenler aras\u0131ndaki fark anlaml\u0131 de\u011fildi (p<\/i>=0.311). Doktorlar aras\u0131nda a\u015f\u0131 yapt\u0131rmay\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnenlerin oran\u0131 %73.6, hem\u015fireler aras\u0131nda %42.3, temizlik personeli aras\u0131nda %56 idi. Doktorlar aras\u0131nda a\u015f\u0131 yapt\u0131rmay\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnenlerin oran\u0131 anlaml\u0131 olarak daha y\u00fcksekti (p<\/i><0.001). Hem\u015fireler aras\u0131nda a\u015f\u0131 yapt\u0131rmay\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnenlerin oran\u0131 anlaml\u0131 olarak daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fc (p<\/i>=0.047). Temizlik personelinde a\u015f\u0131 yapt\u0131rmay\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnenler ile d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeyenler aras\u0131ndaki oran benzerdi (p<\/i>=0.465). A\u015f\u0131 yapt\u0131rmay\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeyenlerin 101 (%51.5)\u2019i a\u015f\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvenli olmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u00e7in, 26 (%13.3)\u2019s\u0131 ise a\u015f\u0131n\u0131n etkili olaca\u011f\u0131na inanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in yapt\u0131rmay\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmedi\u011fini belirtti (Tablo 2).<\/p>\n

COVID-19 ile ilgili genel bilgilere y\u00f6nelik sorulara verilen do\u011fru cevaplardan al\u0131nan puanlar meslek gruplar\u0131 aras\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, doktorlar\u0131n genel bilgi d\u00fczeyinin di\u011fer meslek gruplar\u0131ndan daha y\u00fcksek oldu\u011fu tespit edildi (p<\/i><0.001).<\/p>\n

\u0130RDELEME<\/h2>\n

Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131, COVID-19\u2019un tan\u0131 ve tedavisi s\u0131ras\u0131nda hastalarla kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kald\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan bula\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan topluma g\u00f6re daha fazla risk alt\u0131ndad\u0131r. Yeterli KKE\u2019n\u0131n temin edilmesinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n\u0131n e\u011fitilmesi ve do\u011fru ekipmanlar\u0131n do\u011fru \u015fekilde kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem arz etmektedir.<\/p>\n

Salg\u0131n s\u00fcrecinde, COVID-19 hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile m\u00fccadele eden sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131nda, hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n bula\u015fma riski, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma zorunlulu\u011fu ve \u00e7o\u011fu zaman al\u0131\u015fk\u0131n olduklar\u0131 hastane ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 nedeniyle kayg\u0131 d\u00fczeylerinde art\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu tespit edilmi\u015ftir (1). \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmam\u0131zda da sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n\u0131n %96.4\u2019\u00fc i\u015fi nedeniyle kendine veya yak\u0131nlar\u0131na COVID-19 bula\u015ft\u0131rma endi\u015fesi ta\u015f\u0131maktayd\u0131. Bu endi\u015fe nedeniyle %26.1\u2019i ailelerinden ayr\u0131 ya\u015famaktayd\u0131.\u00a0 <\/span>Zhang ve arkada\u015flar\u0131 (2) yapt\u0131klar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada, sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k %85\u2019inin \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken COVID-19 bula\u015fmas\u0131ndan korktuklar\u0131 sonucuna ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n h\u0131zla yay\u0131lmas\u0131 ve \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl sonu\u00e7lara yol a\u00e7mas\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131 olsun veya olmas\u0131n insanlar\u0131n kendileri veya yak\u0131nlar\u0131 i\u00e7in endi\u015fe duymas\u0131na sebep olmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00c7al\u0131\u015fmam\u0131zda sa\u011fl\u0131k personelinin, COVID-19 ile ilgili bilgi edinmek i\u00e7in sosyal medya ve interneti (%43.2), televizyon yay\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 (%23.7) ve yaz\u0131l\u0131 bas\u0131n\u0131 (%20.7) s\u0131kl\u0131kla kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 ancak t\u0131bbi yay\u0131nlar (%5.6) ve \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i konferanslar\u0131 (%4.0) daha az tercih etti\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc. Kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n %52.8\u2019i doktor, %35.5\u2019i hem\u015fire olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen bilimsel yay\u0131nlar\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oranda tercih edilmesinin nedeni; d\u00fcnya g\u00fcndeminin COVID-19 olmas\u0131 ve televizyon kanallar\u0131nda, sosyal medyada bu konunun s\u00fcrekli tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 ve i\u015f yo\u011funlu\u011fu nedeniyle bilimsel yay\u0131nlara yeterli zaman ayr\u0131lamamas\u0131 olabilir. Bhagavathula ve arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n (3), 137 (%30.2)\u2019si doktor olan 453 sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131 ile yapt\u0131klar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada COVID-19 hakk\u0131nda bilgi edinmek i\u00e7in kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n %61\u2019inin sosyal medyay\u0131 kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilmi\u015ftir. Tun\u00e7 ve arkada\u015flar\u0131 (4) \u00fclkemizdeki di\u015f hekimlerinin COVID-19 bilgi d\u00fczeylerini \u00f6l\u00e7t\u00fckleri anket \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131nda, COVID-19 hakk\u0131nda temel bilgi edinme yolu olarak hekimlerin b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funun T.C. Sa\u011fl\u0131k Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131 (%41.4) ve internet\/sosyal medyay\u0131 (%30.7) takip ettiklerini tespit etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

\u00c7al\u0131\u015fmam\u0131zda COVID-19 ile ilgili genel ve bula\u015f yollar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik sorulara do\u011fru cevap verme oran\u0131 y\u00fcksek bulundu. Bula\u015f yolu, kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n %90\u2019dan fazlas\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan do\u011fru bilinmekteydi. Srichan ve arkada\u015flar\u0131 (5) Tayland\u2019da ya\u015fayanlar\u0131n COVID-19\u2019a y\u00f6nelik bilgi d\u00fczeyi ve tutumunu de\u011ferlendiren \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131nda, kad\u0131nlar\u0131n, gen\u00e7 yeti\u015fkinlerin ve belirli e\u011fitim d\u00fczeylerine sahip ki\u015filerin COVID-19\u2019u \u00f6nleme, bula\u015f ve kontrol\u00fc hakk\u0131nda bilgi d\u00fczeylerinin y\u00fcksek oldu\u011funu tespit etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

\u00c7al\u0131\u015fmam\u0131zda sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n\u0131n hasta ile temas \u00f6ncesi el y\u0131kama oran\u0131n\u0131n (%59.2), temas sonras\u0131na (%88.6) g\u00f6re daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Bu durum, sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n\u0131n temas sonras\u0131 ellerinin kirlenmesini daha fazla \u00f6nemsemesi ile a\u00e7\u0131klanabilir. \u015eahin ve arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n (6) \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131nda, sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n\u0131n v\u00fccut s\u0131v\u0131lar\u0131na maruz kald\u0131ktan sonra el hijyenini her zaman uygulayanlar\u0131n oran\u0131 %93.4, hasta \u00e7evresine dokunduktan sonra her zaman el hijyeni uygulayanlar\u0131n oran\u0131 %92.1 ve aseptik i\u015flemden \u00f6nce ve sonra el hijyeni uygulayanlar\u0131n oran\u0131 %93 olarak bulunmu\u015ftur. Toraman ve arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n (7) yo\u011fun bak\u0131m \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n\u0131n el y\u0131kama al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 inceledikleri \u00e7<\/i>al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131nda t\u00fcm sa\u011fl\u0131k personelinin el y\u0131kama oran\u0131 %73 iken doktor, hem\u015fire ve yard\u0131mc\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131k personeli gruplar\u0131na ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bu oranlar s\u0131ras\u0131yla; %56, %86 ve %72 olarak bulunmu\u015ftur. Bizim \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmam\u0131zda da benzer \u015fekilde doktorlar\u0131n el y\u0131kama al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck orandad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00c7al\u0131\u015fmam\u0131zda, COVID-19 tan\u0131l\u0131 ve \u015f\u00fcphesi olan hastalara hizmet verirken, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n N95 maske, eldiven, \u00f6nl\u00fck ve g\u00f6z koruyucu kullan\u0131m oranlar\u0131n\u0131n iyi d\u00fczeyde oldu\u011funu ve bu ekipmanlar\u0131n %90\u2019\u0131n \u00fczerinde \u201cher zaman<\/i>\u201d veya \u201cs\u0131kl\u0131kla<\/i>\u201d kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tespit ettik. Benzer \u015fekilde, \u015eahin ve arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n (6) \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131nda, sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n\u0131n COVID-19 pandemisi s\u0131ras\u0131nda KKE kullan\u0131m oran\u0131 %91.3 olarak olduk\u00e7a y\u00fcksek tespit edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

COVID-19\u2019un d\u00fcnya genelinde yay\u0131lmas\u0131 ile bu hastal\u0131\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131 koruyucu a\u015f\u0131 t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyan\u0131n g\u00fcndemini olu\u015fturmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz zaman diliminde a\u015f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 devam etmekte ve genel olarak uygulamaya konulmu\u015f bir a\u015f\u0131 bulunmamaktayd\u0131. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmaya kat\u0131lanlar\u0131n %61\u2019i a\u015f\u0131 bulundu\u011fu takdirde a\u015f\u0131 yapt\u0131raca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtirken %39\u2019u a\u015f\u0131 yapt\u0131rmay\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmedi\u011fi belirtti. A\u015f\u0131 yapt\u0131raca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirten hekimler %73 olarak en y\u00fcksek oranda tespit edildi. Karacaer ve arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n (8), sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131klama ile ilgili bilgi d\u00fczeyi, tutum ve davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131nda, sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n\u0131n a\u015f\u0131lama konusunda y\u00fcksek duyarl\u0131l\u0131k ve uyum g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi saptanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bununla birlikte \u00fclkemizde hekimler aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada, hekimlerin grip a\u015f\u0131s\u0131 yapt\u0131rma oran\u0131 %11.3 ve H1N1 pandemisinde sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n\u0131n grip a\u015f\u0131s\u0131 yapt\u0131rma oran\u0131 %12.7 olarak olduk\u00e7a d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bulunmu\u015ftur (9, 10).<\/p>\n

Sonu\u00e7 olarak hastanemizde g\u00f6rev yapan sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n\u0131n COVID-19 ve KKE\u2019ler ile ilgili bilgi d\u00fczeylerinin iyi oldu\u011fu ancak kendileri ve ailelerine hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n bula\u015fmas\u0131 konusunda endi\u015feli olduklar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc. Buna ra\u011fmen sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n\u0131n %39\u2019unun a\u015f\u0131 yapt\u0131rmay\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmemesi endi\u015fe vericidir. Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n a\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131 topluma \u00f6rnek olmalar\u0131 ve toplumun en riskli grubunu olu\u015fturmalar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemlidir. Etkinlik ve g\u00fcvenlik d\u00fczeyi y\u00fcksek a\u015f\u0131larla toplumun a\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131 COVID-19 salg\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nlenmesinde kilit rol oynamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00c7al\u0131\u015fma Ondokuz May\u0131s \u00dcniversitesi T\u0131p Fak\u00fcltesi Hastanesi\u2019nde g\u00f6rev yapan sa\u011fl\u0131k personeli ile y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u00e7in sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n t\u00fcm sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131na genellenmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n tutumlar\u0131 ve bilgi d\u00fczeyleri anket sorular\u0131 ile kendi beyanlar\u0131 esas al\u0131narak de\u011ferlendirildi. Sorular \u00e7oktan se\u00e7meli olup a\u00e7\u0131k u\u00e7lu sorulara yer verilmedi. Bu sebeplerden dolay\u0131 ki\u015filerin beyanlar\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7ek hayattaki tutum ve davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 ile ne kadar \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc tespit etmek elde etti\u011fimiz verilerle m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Ki\u015filerinin tutum ve davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6zlemsel olarak de\u011ferlendirildi\u011fi, bilgi d\u00fczeylerinin belirlenmesinde a\u00e7\u0131k u\u00e7lu sorular\u0131n kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131 daha sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 verilerin elde edilebilmesini sa\u011flayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

G\u0130R\u0130\u015e Aral\u0131k 2019\u2019da \u00c7in\u2019in Vuhan \u015fehrinden t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyaya yay\u0131lan COVID-19 \u00fclkemizde ilk defa 11 Mart 2020 tarihinde tespit edilmi\u015f ve sonras\u0131nda salg\u0131n k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede \u00fclke geneline yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. COVID-19 esas olarak damlac\u0131k yoluyla bula\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Hasta bireylerin \u00f6ks\u00fcrme ve hap\u015f\u0131rmalar\u0131 yoluyla ortama da\u011f\u0131lan damlac\u0131klara di\u011fer ki\u015filerin elleri ile temas\u0131 sonras\u0131nda, ellerini a\u011f\u0131z, burun veya g\u00f6ze temas ettirmesi […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":24704,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5129],"tags":[5174,5120,3682,5373],"class_list":["post-24404","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ozgun-arastirma","tag-covid-19","tag-kisisel-koruyucu-ekipman","tag-saglik-calisani","tag-salgin"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.klimikdergisi.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24404","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.klimikdergisi.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.klimikdergisi.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.klimikdergisi.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.klimikdergisi.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=24404"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.klimikdergisi.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24404\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24735,"href":"https:\/\/www.klimikdergisi.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24404\/revisions\/24735"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.klimikdergisi.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24704"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.klimikdergisi.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=24404"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.klimikdergisi.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=24404"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.klimikdergisi.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=24404"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}